Seeds placed in water generally do not germinate because there is no oxygen in the water.
Three conditions that must be met for seed germination;
① Moisture
Dry seeds will not germinate, so sufficient water is the prerequisite for plant seed germination. Moisture has several effects on seed germination: first, after the seed absorbs water, the seed coat softens, which is conducive to the breakthrough of radicle; Second, the nutrients stored in seeds can be absorbed by plants only when dissolved in water; Third, water is the medium of aerobic respiration of plants.
② Temperature
The germination of plant seeds requires certain temperature conditions. The minimum temperature of plant seed germination is 0 ℃ ~ 5 ℃, and the maximum temperature is no more than 35 ℃ ~ 40 ℃, but the optimum temperature of most plants is 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃.
③ Oxygen
Oxygen is a necessary condition for the germination of surrounding seeds. The energy required for seed germination is supplied by the respiration of seeds. Therefore, the germinated seeds show strong respiration. If there is a lack of oxygen at this time, it will not only hinder the growth of the embryo, but also lead to the death of the embryo.
Water immersion is the germination method of most plants when sowing.
For example, when sowing dancing grass, it must be soaked in water, which can not only accelerate the seed germination, but also improve the seed germination rate.
Water immersion method: put the seeds in about 50 degrees of water, soak them for 1-2 days, and then take them out and plant them in the soil. However, different plants have different methods of seed germination. I found you six ways to urge you, which is very good:
Six practical methods:
For different kinds of flowers, due to their different seed coat structure and physiological mechanism, the seed germination period is also different, such as a bunch of red, green chrysanthemum and impatiens. As long as they are sown in time, they can sprout quickly, while some flowers need months or even years to germinate. Therefore, artificial germination must be carried out to shorten the dormancy period of seeds.
1. Water immersion treatment: for seeds with short dormancy period and easy to germinate, such as Bauhinia, pearl plum, ribbon flower, etc., soak the seeds in warm water at 40 ℃ to 60 ℃ for 1 to 2 days, and then they can be sown directly. Torch tree and other seeds are initially soaked in 90 ℃ water and allowed to cool naturally for 24 hours to soften and absorb water, and then germinate. However, it should be noted that when the seeds are treated by water immersion method, the water should be changed frequently. The time when the water temperature is higher than 60 ℃ to 90 ℃ should not exceed 0.5 to 1 hour, and then the water temperature should be reduced to below 40 ℃, otherwise the seed embryo is easy to die.
2. Low temperature treatment: some flower seeds, such as Rosa roxburghii, Chimonanthus praecox, Forsythia suspensa, clove and some Autumn Sown herbal flowers, need a certain period of low temperature treatment (0 ℃ to 10 ℃) to promote maturation, break the dormancy of seed embryos and germinate. The method is as follows: mix the seeds with the sand with a humidity of 60% (i.e. knead them into a ball by hand and spread them again after releasing their hands), then put them into a plastic bag, tie their mouth tightly, put them in a flower pot, and then bury the pot in the open ground 40 cm to 60 cm deep. You can also put the seeds in a refrigerator at 3 ℃ to 5 ℃ for 60 to 90 days, and take them out for sowing in spring. It can also be sown in autumn, so that the seeds can germinate and be unearthed the next spring through natural freezing in winter.
3. Variable temperature treatment: some flower seeds, such as tassels, pods Peony, peony, etc. have the habit of double dormancy of radicle and hypocotyl, that is, its radicle (the part that develops into root in the seed embryo) needs to go through a temperature stage of 25 ℃ to 32 ℃ for one to two months or more to break the dormancy, while the hypocotyl needs to go through a temperature stage of 3 ℃ to 5 ℃ for one to three months to break the dormancy. For such seeds, they must be mixed with wet sand before sowing, and then transferred to low temperature after a certain period of high temperature. After variable temperature treatment, they can germinate quickly in spring. However, attention must be paid to ensure the time of high temperature period and freezing period during treatment, otherwise it is still difficult for seeds to emerge after sowing.
4. When sowing in the cold room in early spring, due to the large indoor temperature difference between day and night, the flower seeds can not sprout and miss the time of flower use. Now let’s introduce a method of using thermos to promote germination. Generally, seeds can sprout in 3 to 4 days.
First, immerse the flower seeds in water to make them absorb enough water. Secondly, open a hole on one side of the hot water bottle cap, insert a thermometer, and screw a small iron hook on the bottom of the other side. Wrap the soaked seeds in gauze and hang them on an iron hook. Finally, add warm water from 22 ℃ to 26 ℃ into the thermos bottle, cover the bottle, and make the gauze wrapped with seeds hang in the bottle. The gauze wrapped shall not touch the water. Observe the thermometer every day. If it is lower than 20 ℃, add warm water. After the seeds sprout, they can be taken out and sown.
After seed soaking and germination, the seeds are easy to stick into small clusters. In order to sow evenly, the seeds can be mixed with some rice husk ash and then sown in the flower pot.
5. Stratification and budding. The so-called stratification and budding is to mix three parts of wet sand and one part of seeds, and moisturize and refrigerate at a temperature of 0 ℃ ~ 7 ℃. Magnolia grandiflora, Michelia, Magnolia, honeysuckle family and seeds that can germinate every other year all need stratification to promote germination. Here, for long-term dormant seeds or seeds budding every other year, the variable temperature budding method can be adopted, that is, after soaking the seeds, keep 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ in the daytime and about 15 ℃ at night, and repeat for about 10 ~ 20 days to promote germination. Such as Osmanthus fragrans, Holly and coral trees, this method can be used.
6. Seeding with wet wipes
I tried this before. It’s different from the online method. I take a paper towel, fold it several times, put it in a self sealing plastic bag, put some water down, don’t too much, just wet the paper towel, then put seeds and seal the bag tightly, Put it in the fridge for 5-7 days (I put it in the fridge and didn’t ask for it online. I don’t know which one is right, but my Vera lavender, British lavender, sixfold interest, pansy, etc. all germinate in this way). Don’t care whether it’s hairy or not after 5-7 days, take out the seeds and sow them. If it’s hairy, don’t sow it indiscriminately. If it’s not, it will be sent back in a day or two.
It shows that if you don’t need the method of seed promotion, the seedlings will be stronger than the seedlings. In addition to these methods, putting the seeds directly into the nutrient soil can also germinate (I also tried). There is another bud that follows. When sowing, the place of small white buds should face down!
Finally, let me tell you:
The seeds that have been planted in the soil should not be taken out and looked at, let alone dug out and used in blisters. Maybe it’s about to sprout, and you’ll hang up as soon as you touch it!
Post time: Apr-19-2022